How This Woman’s Attitude About Weight Loss Changed After She Started Running
https://ift.tt/2Mr8f4U You've probably seen selfies of Kelly Roberts—the 28-year-old runner from Brooklyn, New York who gained social media fame after she posted photos of herself posing with unsuspecting hot guys during a half marathon in 2014. On Sunday, Roberts posted a more personal and empowering image for her 60K Instagram followers. Wearing leggings and her trademark sports bra while at the finish line of a race, she opened up about rejecting the pressure to be thin and learning to appreciate her body. RELATED: 10 Simple Ways to Actually Enjoy Running “When I decided to run a marathon, I remember envisioning the weight I’d lose training for a marathon,” Roberts, who is the founder of She Can & She Did, recalled. “I didn’t know any runners and the ones I chose to see were always thin and skinny. I, like so many others, thought I needed to be thin and skinny in order to be beautiful, desirable, confident, strong, happy, and successful." She also encouraged people to identify the strength within themselves. "It wasn’t until I joined the #SportsBraSquad that I started looking in the mirror or seeing photos of myself and ACTUALLY seeing my strength,” she wrote. Though she runs a popular blog about her relationship with running, Roberts only went for her first run four years ago, she tells Health. “I was just desperate enough to start running,” she says. “I’d graduated from college, had just lost 75 pounds and was grieving the loss of my brother. I felt like I had nothing to be proud of and didn’t know what direction my life was going. Running gave me a reason to get out of bed in the morning.” From there, she entered races in New York. It was during the New York City Half Marathon in March 2014 when her hot guy selfies went viral. Her hashtag? “#hotguysofthenychalf.” Needless to say, people couldn’t get enough of her man candy-per-mile coverage of the event. RELATED: How My Husband and I Stay Insanely Fit While Raising a Toddler “I started sharing my story on my blog after I went viral,” she says. “Four years later, it’s turned into a really empowering storytelling platform where women can join me in my mission to redefine what strength looks like.” For her, strength isn’t filtered or Photoshopped. As she described in her Instagram post last week, strength is raw and real. “It hurts,” she explained about her definition of strength. “It isn’t always fun. But I keep choosing to fight and push myself because I love it. But weight loss isn’t my goal. Strength is. It’s not tied to a time or a number on a scale. It’s the feeling I get knowing I’m giving everything I have towards my best self.” Weight Loss via Weight Loss - Health.com https://ift.tt/2zvXHy6 June 26, 2018 at 04:34PM
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What are the benefits of eating healthy?
https://ift.tt/2Iu9kGH Eating healthfully also means avoiding foods with high amounts of added salt and sugar. In this article, we look at the top 10 benefits of a healthful diet, as well as the evidence behind them. 1. Weight loss
There are many benefits to eating healthfully.
Losing weight can help to reduce the risk of chronic conditions. If a person is overweight or obese, they have a higher risk of developing several conditions, including: Whole vegetables and fruits are lower in calories than most processed foods. A person looking to lose weight should reduce their calorie intake to no more than what they require each day. Determining an individual's calorie requirements is easy using dietary guidelines published by the United States government. Maintaining a healthful diet free from processed foods can help a person to stay within their daily limit without having to count calories. Fiber is one element of a healthful diet that is particularly important for managing weight. Plant-based foods contain plenty of dietary fiber, which helps to regulate hunger by making people feel fuller for longer. In 2018, researchers found that a diet rich in fiber and lean proteins resulted in weight loss without the need for counting calories. 2. Reduced cancer riskAn unhealthful diet can lead to obesity, which may increase a person's risk of developing cancer. Weighing within a healthful range may reduce this risk. Also, in 2014, the American Society of Clinical Oncology reported that obesity contributed to a worse outlook for people with cancer. However, diets rich in fruits and vegetables may help to protect against cancer. In a separate study from 2014, researchers found that a diet rich in fruits reduced the risk of cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract. They also found that a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and fiber lowered the risk of colorectal cancer and that a diet rich in fiber reduced the risk of liver cancer. Many phytochemicals found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes act as antioxidants, which protect cells from damage that can cause cancer. Some of these antioxidants include beta-carotene, lycopene, and vitamins A, C, and E. Trials in humans have been inconclusive, but results of laboratory and animal studies have linked certain antioxidants to a reduced incidence of free radical damage associated with cancer. 3. Diabetes managementEating a healthful diet can help a person with diabetes to:
It is essential for people with diabetes to limit their intake of foods with added sugar and salt. It is also best to avoid fried foods high in saturated and trans fats. 4. Heart health and stroke preventionAccording to figures published in 2017, as many as 92.1 million people in the U.S. have at least one type of cardiovascular disease. These conditions primarily involve the heart or blood vessels. According to the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, up to 80 percent of cases of premature heart disease and stroke can be prevented by making lifestyle changes, such as increasing levels of physical activity and eating healthfully. There is some evidence that vitamin E may prevent blood clots, which can lead to heart attacks. The following foods contain high levels of vitamin E:
The medical community has long recognized the link between trans fats and heart-related illnesses, such as coronary heart disease. If a person eliminates trans fats from the diet, this will reduce their levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. This type of cholesterol causes plaque to collect within the arteries, increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke. Reducing blood pressure can also be essential for heart health, and limiting salt intake to 1,500 milligrams a day can help. Salt is added to many processed and fast foods, and a person hoping to lower their blood pressure should avoid these. 5. The health of the next generationChildren learn most health-related behaviors from the adults around them, and parents who model healthful eating and exercise habits tend to pass these on. Eating at home may also help. In 2018, researchers found that children who regularly had meals with their families ate more vegetables and fewer sugary foods than their peers who ate at home less frequently. In addition, children who participate in gardening and cooking at home may be more likely to make healthful dietary and lifestyle choices. 6. Strong bones and teeth
Children learn healthful behaviors from their parents.
A diet with adequate calcium and magnesium is necessary for strong bones and teeth. Keeping the bones healthy is vital in preventing osteoporosis and osteoarthritis later in life. The following foods are rich in calcium:
Also, many cereals and plant-based milks are fortified with calcium. Magnesium is abundant in many foods, and the best sources are leafy green vegetables, nuts, seeds, and whole grains. 7. Better moodEmerging evidence suggests a close relationship between diet and mood. In 2016, researchers found that a diet with a high glycemic load may cause increased symptoms of depression and fatigue. A diet with a high glycemic load includes many refined carbohydrates, such as those found in soft drinks, cakes, white bread, and biscuits. Vegetables, whole fruit, and whole grains have a lower glycemic load. While a healthful diet may improve overall mood, it is essential for people with depression to seek medical care. 8. Improved memoryA healthful diet may help prevent dementia and cognitive decline. A study from 2015 identified nutrients and foods that protect against these adverse effects. They found the following to be beneficial: Among other diets, the Mediterranean diet incorporates many of these nutrients. 9. Improved gut healthThe colon is full of naturally occurring bacteria, which play important roles in metabolism and digestion. Certain strains of bacteria also produce vitamins K and B, which benefit the colon. These strains also help to fight harmful bacteria and viruses. A diet low in fiber and high in sugar and fat alters the gut microbiome, increasing inflammation in the area. However, a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains provides a combination of prebiotics and probiotics that help good bacteria to thrive in the colon. Fermented foods, such as yogurt, kimchi, sauerkraut, miso, and kefir, are rich in probiotics. Fiber is an easily accessible prebiotic, and it is abundant in legumes, grains, fruits, and vegetables. Fiber also promotes regular bowel movements, which can help to prevent bowel cancer and diverticulitis. 10. Getting a good night's sleepA variety of factors, including sleep apnea, can disrupt sleep patterns. Sleep apnea occurs when the airways are repeatedly blocked during sleep. Risk factors include obesity, drinking alcohol, and eating an unhealthful diet. Reducing the consumption of alcohol and caffeine can help to ensure restful sleep, whether or not a person has sleep apnea. Quick tips for a healthful diet
Exchanging soft drinks for herbal teas is a positive change in a person's diet.
There are plenty of small, positive ways to improve the diet, including:
A person may also benefit from taking a cooking class, and learning how to incorporate more vegetables into meals. A doctor or dietitian can also provide tips on eating a more healthful diet. Weight Loss via Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness News From Medical News Today https://ift.tt/O45xlc June 26, 2018 at 02:39PM
What are the side effects of aspartame?
https://ift.tt/2yJLWFp Despite its extensive use and popularity, aspartame has become a source of controversy in recent years with several studies claiming the sweetener has adverse side effects. In this article, we look at the most recent evidence, regarding the safety of aspartame. We also investigate how it might affect weight, appetite, and certain medical conditions. How safe is aspartame?
In the United States, aspartame is marketed as Equal and Nutrasweet.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved aspartame for use in food and drink back in 1981. Agencies in Europe, Canada, and many other countries also approve its use. Furthermore, the following authorities endorse it:
In 2013, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) conducted a review of hundreds of studies looking into the effects of aspartame. The EFSA ruled aspartame safe for human consumption and set an acceptable daily intake or ADI of aspartame at 40 milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) of body weight. The EFSA's ADI for aspartame is 10 mg less than that deemed to be safe by the FDA. However, the amounts set by both the EFSA and the FDA are far more than most people consume in a day. A can of diet soda, for example, contains only about 190 mg of aspartame. A person would have to consume more than 19 cans of soda to reach the ADI limits. Effects on body weightAspartame contains 4 calories per gram (g), similar to sugar. It is, however, around 200 times sweeter than sugar. This multiple means only a tiny amount of aspartame is needed to sweeten foods and drinks. It is widely thought to help promote weight loss for this reason. By contrast, a 2017 review of the latest research found no evidence that the low-calorie sweeteners aspartame, sucralose, and stevioside, were effective for weight management. Some studies that monitored participants over several years found that increased body weight and waist circumference were associated with regular intake of these sweeteners. Participants in some studies showed increased body mass index (BMI) as well. BMI is used to decide if a person is a healthy weight or not, with a higher BMI being associated with greater incidence of metabolic disease. Furthermore, the 2017 review found studies that suggested those who consumed sweeteners regularly might be at greater risk of developing heart disease, diabetes, and stroke. Effects on appetite
Studies suggest that sweeteners may increase appetite.
One way aspartame and other nonnutritive sweeteners may affect body weight is by increasing people's appetite, which may lead to increased food consumption. A 2013 review published in Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism cites several animal studies that report a link between regular intake of nonnutritive sweeteners and increased food intake. The review suggests sweeteners may increase appetite by disrupting the signaling process that usually occurs when foods with more calories are eaten. Sweet tastes typically signal to the body that food is entering the gut. The body then expects to receive calories and signals when eating should stop by making a person feel full or satiated. The same sweet taste is experienced when sweeteners are consumed, but the body receives far fewer calories than it might otherwise expect to. If this happens regularly, according to the theory, the body unlearns the association between sweet tastes and calories. This reversal means that calorific foods or foods high in calroies will no longer trigger feelings of fullness, which may lead to overeating. Further research on human participants is needed to better understand the link between aspartame consumption and appetite control. Effects on metabolismThe same process that may disrupt appetite control could also predispose a person to certain metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, according to the 2013 review. Because the body no longer expects calorie intake in response to sweet tastes, it may be ill-equipped to deal with dietary sugars when they do arrive in the gut, according to this view. A later review from 2016 further discusses the link between low-calorie sweeteners and metabolic disease. It suggests that regular, long-term intake of sweeteners may disrupt the balance and diversity of bacteria living within the gut. Animal studies show that this type of disruption can result in glucose intolerance, which is a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes. A study from 2016 investigated the effects of certain sugars and sweeteners on people's glucose tolerance. Aspartame was associated with greater glucose intolerance among those with obesity. None of the sugars and sweeteners tested, however, had any negative effect on people of a healthy weight. These studies suggest that regular intake of aspartame could increase the risk of glucose intolerance, particularly in people who may already be overweight. Other associated risksNews reports over the last few decades have claimed that aspartame causes or increases the risk of: There is insufficient scientific evidence, however, to confirm or refute claims of aspartame's involvement in any of the above. Who should avoid aspartame?People with the following conditions should avoid aspartame: PhenylketonuriaPhenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited metabolic disorder that increases levels of the essential amino acid known as phenylalanine in the blood. Because people with PKU are unable to metabolize phenylalanine properly, they are advised to avoid or limit its intake from food and drink. Phenylalanine is one of three compounds that make up aspartame. However, aspartame provides significantly lower amounts of phenylalanine than everyday food sources, such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy products. People with PKU need to monitor all dietary sources of phenylalanine to avoid toxic levels. Because of this, all products containing phenylalanine in the U.S. are labeled. Tardive dyskinesiaTardive dyskinesia or TD is a neurological disorder that causes sudden, uncontrollable jerking movements of the face and body. It is most often caused by long-term use of antipsychotic medications. Some research on causes of TD suggests phenylalanine may trigger the muscle movements that characterize TD. Products containing aspartame
Diet soda may contain aspartame.
Many foods and drinks that are labeled 'sugar-free' may contain some form of artificial sweetener. Aspartame is likely to be found in the following:
Aspartame is also used to make certain medications more palatable. Examples of medications that may include aspartame are laxatives and chewable vitamin supplements. Alternatives to aspartameThose wishing to limit their intake of aspartame can try an alternative natural sweetener from the list below:
Although the above options may be preferred to aspartame, they should only be used in small amounts. They can be high in calories, similarly to sugar, with little or no nutritional value. Excessive amounts can also cause tooth decay. TakeawayThere is still much controversy surrounding the safety of aspartame despite approval from authorities around the world. Recent scientific evidence suggests that regular, long-term intake of aspartame and other low-calorie sweeteners may have negative effects on weight management, but more rigorous research is needed to confirm these findings. There is little evidence to suggest that occasional consumption of aspartame is detrimental to health for those who are of a healthy weight. For those with obesity, however, regular consumption of low-calorie sweeteners may increase the risk of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. Weight Loss via Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness News From Medical News Today https://ift.tt/O45xlc June 26, 2018 at 12:46PM
Six health benefits of safflower oil
https://ift.tt/2MVvbu5 Safflower oil is a popular cooking oil made from the seeds of the safflower plant. Some research suggests it may have some health benefits when used in the diet and on the skin. Safflower oil may be a more healthful option than olive oil when cooking at high temperatures, thanks to its high smoke point and neutral flavor. In this article, we list the top health benefits of safflower oil. We also discuss the effects of safflower oil for weight loss. Six health benefits of safflower oilSafflower oil offers a variety of potential benefits. Below, we discuss the evidence behind six key benefits of safflower oil: 1. A healthful source of fatty acids
Safflower oil is made from the safflower plant.
Safflower oil is a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids, including monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats. The body needs these fats to function, and unsaturated fatty acids are generally considered 'good fats.' Fats in the diet, such as those found in safflower oil, are essential for hormone regulation and memory. They are vital in allowing the body to absorb fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. Eating some fat with meals may also help a person to feel fuller. Safflower oil is lower in saturated fats, which are often considered 'bad' fats, than olive oil, avocado oil, and sunflower oil. A diet high in 'good' fats and low in 'bad' fats has many health benefits, including reducing inflammation and improving heart health. There are two types of safflower oil: high-oleic and high-linoleic. Both contain unsaturated fatty acids. Like olive oil, the high-oleic variety of safflower oil contains monounsaturated fats and is a good option for cooking at high temperatures. High-linoleic safflower oil contains higher quantities of polyunsaturated fats. It should not be heated but is ideal for use in the preparation of salad dressings. 2. Improves blood sugar levelsA systematic review of studies from 2016 suggests that eating a diet high in unsaturated fats can improve a person's blood glucose control. The study found that replacing some sources of carbohydrate or saturated fats with unsaturated fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated fats, had a beneficial effect on blood sugar levels, as well as insulin resistance and insulin secretion. A 2011 study suggested that consuming 8 grams (g) of safflower oil daily for 4 months may reduce inflammation while improving blood sugar in some people with type 2 diabetes. It is important to note that the participants in this study were women who had type 2 diabetes and were also obese and post-menopausal. The researchers suggest that quality dietary fats may be used alongside diabetes treatments to reduce complications associated with the condition. 3. Lowers cholesterol, boosts heart healthThe same 2011 study also reports that participants' blood cholesterol levels improved following 4 months safflower oil use. These findings support the American Heart Association's suggestion that unsaturated fats may lower LDL or 'bad,' cholesterol in the blood. High cholesterol is a risk factor for heart disease. Safflower oil may contribute to heart health in other ways too. The unsaturated fats in safflower oil can thin the blood and make platelets less sticky. This might help prevent blood clots that can lead to heart attack and stroke. Safflower oil might also affect blood vessels by relaxing them and reducing blood pressure. 4. Fights inflammationSafflower oil may also have anti-inflammatory properties. According to a study in Clinical Nutrition, Safflower oil and the unsaturated fatty acids in safflower oil improved markers of inflammation. This may help with several conditions, including diabetes and heart disease. 5. Soothes dry skinApplying safflower oil topically to dry or inflamed skin may help soothe it and give the skin a soft and smooth appearance. Although most of the research on safflower oil for the skin is anecdotal, it is a common ingredient in cosmetics and skin care products. Safflower oil contains vitamin E, which may be responsible for some of its skin benefits. Vitamin E has been an important ingredient in dermatological products for decades. Some research suggests that vitamin E protects the skin from free radicals, which are harmful molecules that damage cells in the body and contribute to disease, and the effects of sunlight. Before using safflower oil on the skin, perform a patch test. Rub a drop of the oil into the arm and wait for 24 hours. If no reaction develops, it is probably safe to use. 6. Safe for cooking at high temperaturesNot all oils are safe to use for frying. This is because overheating delicate oils can create free radicals. High-oleic safflower oil is safe to cook with at high temperatures. In fact, this monounsaturated oil has a higher smoke point than many other oils, including:
Safflower also has a milder flavor than other oils, including olive and coconut, which makes it an excellent choice for deep frying, pan frying, or baking. Polyunsaturated safflower oil, on the other hand, should not be heated. Save it for drizzling over steamed vegetables and making vinaigrettes. Keep the oil in the refrigerator to prevent it from turning rancid. Safflower oil for weight loss
Safflower oil is not a low-calorie food.
Some people consider safflower oil to be a weight loss aid, but research in this area is limited. Some studies, including a 2011 study, report that safflower oil has no significant effects on weight or body fat. At 120 calories per tablespoon, safflower oil is not a low-calorie food. Eating too many calories, regardless of their source, can adversely affect weight-loss efforts. But adding a small amount of this oil to food may improve its flavor, increase the feeling of being full, and balance blood sugar — all of which can have a beneficial effect on weight management. When trying to lose weight, it may be helpful to limit the intake of oils to recommended amounts and to focus on eating whole foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein sources. The 'Choose my Plate' initiative recommend the following intake of oils by teaspoon (tsp) each day:
However, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015–2020 states that most oils consumed in the United States are in the form of processed foods, such as:
When calculating daily oil intake, remember to include these fats, as well as healthful sources of fats, such as those found naturally in nuts, seeds, and fish. Side effects of safflower oilMost people will not have any adverse reaction to safflower oil, as long as they consume it in the recommended daily amounts. As safflower can thin the blood, it may slow down the clotting of the blood, which may increase the risk of bleeding in:
OutlookSafflower oil contains healthful fats called unsaturated fatty acids. When consumed in moderation, it may offer health benefits, such as blood sugar control, improved heart health, and reduced inflammation. People can use it topically to treat dry skin, and it is safe to use when cooking at high temperatures. Safflower oil is available to buy from health food stores, some supermarkets, and online. As with all oils, safflower is high in calories and low in many nutrients. Therefore, use it sparingly and as part of a balanced diet. We picked linked items based on the quality of products, and list the pros and cons of each to help you determine which will work best for you. We partner with some of the companies that sell these products, which means Healthline UK and our partners may receive a portion of revenues if you make a purchase using a link(s) above. Weight Loss via Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness News From Medical News Today https://ift.tt/O45xlc June 25, 2018 at 07:44AM
Everything you need to know about dextrose
https://ift.tt/2IkeSmV In this article, learn more about simple sugars, the uses of dextrose, and possible side effects. What is dextrose?
Dextrose is similar to fructose and glucose.
Dextrose is a type of simple sugar made from corn. It is similar to fructose and chemically identical to glucose, which is blood sugar. Simple sugars, including dextrose, fructose, and glucose, appear in foods such as table sugar, honey, and bread. Dextrose often appears in foods as an artificial sweetener and ingredients such as fructose corn syrup. Doctors may use this simple sugar to raise a person's blood sugar when it is too low. They may also combine dextrose with other substances if giving it as an injection. Is dextrose good or bad for you?The body breaks down simple sugars very quickly to use them for energy. If someone consumes too much simple sugar, the body will store any extra as fat. While the body does need some simple sugars for energy, consuming too much can lead to increased risk of the following: Even so, there are times when using dextrose benefits an individual more than it harms. Uses in medicine
Doctors may combine dextrose with a saline solution to make a rehydration drip to treat people who are dehydrated.
Doctors use dextrose for a variety of reasons, including :
Doctors may recommend that a person with diabetes or who is otherwise prone to episodes of low blood sugar carries dextrose tablets with them. These tablets dissolve quickly when in a person's mouth, allowing the body to absorb the dextrose. Once a person with low blood sugar takes a dextrose tablet, their blood sugar will rapidly return to healthy levels. Doctors can also combine dextrose with many other liquids to make an intravenous solution. For example, they may combine dextrose with a saline solution to create a rehydration drip for someone with dehydration. Some medical problems may make a person unable to eat or unable to absorb nutrients. This can lead to malnourishment. In cases of malnourishment, doctors may decide to feed a person through a central venous catheter, which is a tube inserted into a large vein. They may choose total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or partial parenteral nutrition (PPN), using solutions that contain dextrose. TPN fulfills all a person's nutritional needs, while PPN supplements a person's nutritional intake. Uses in foodDextrose is a sugar that comes from corn and sometimes other plants. Its primary use in food is as a sweetener, especially in baked goods. Because of its wide availability, packaged food also commonly contains dextrose. Aside from sweetening food, dextrose may also help neutralize food that is otherwise very spicy or salty. Also, some companies add dextrose to certain products to extend their shelf life. Other usesDextrose has a variety of other applications and uses and is an ingredient in many everyday products, including:
Some bodybuilders use dextrose as a post-workout supplement to replenish glycogen stores. Glycogen is a form of glucose that the body stores for energy. When someone does an intense workout, the body uses up some of its stored glycogen. Many bodybuilders add dextrose tablets or powder to water and drink it following a workout to replenish those glycogen stores as quickly as possible to help with muscle repair. During the muscle repair process, muscles increase in strength and size, both essential outcomes for bodybuilders. Side effects and risks
Too much dextrose may cause excessive thirst.
Dextrose is usually safe to consume but does have some potential risks and side effects. Side effects of using too much dextrose include:
Doctors should exercise caution when prescribing dextrose to people with some medical conditions. Dextrose use can lead to dangerously high blood sugar or fluid buildup in the body, which may cause swelling and fluid in the lungs. People with the following conditions should avoid dextrose: Anyone taking dextrose should carefully monitor their blood sugar levels to avoid excessively high blood sugar. Symptoms of high blood sugar include:
TakeawayDextrose is a simple sugar derived from corn and other vegetables. It has many uses, including sweetening foods and extending the shelf life of many products. Bodybuilders may use dextrose as a supplement. Doctors use dextrose to treat many conditions, including dehydration and low blood sugar. Dextrose is an effective treatment for low blood sugar. It is low cost and widely available, making it an excellent choice for people who tend to experience episodes of low blood sugar. However, it is essential to carefully monitor blood sugar levels when using dextrose to avoid experiencing symptoms of high blood sugar. Weight Loss via Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness News From Medical News Today https://ift.tt/O45xlc June 24, 2018 at 06:37AM
Does a higher BMI protect against breast cancer?
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According to a recent study, having a higher BMI could protect against breast cancer.
In the United States, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Also, compared with other cancers, this affects younger women more often. Understanding why it happens in some people and not others is, of course, a priority. A number of risk factors for breast cancer are now known, and one of these is adiposity. This is the amount of fat an individual carries on their body. However, the influence of adiposity — as measured by body mass index (BMI) — is not as clear-cut. Before menopause, a higher BMI seems to be protective against breast cancer, and the opposite is true after the menopause, at which point a higher BMI starts to increase risk. This relationship has been studied previously, but because cases of premenopausal breast cancer are less common than postmenopausal breast cancer, individual studies have often lacked the participants required to draw solid conclusions. BMI and breast cancer revisitedThe latest study, published this week in JAMA Oncology, attempts to fill the gaps. Led by Minouk J. Schoemaker, Ph.D. — from the Institute of Cancer Research in London, United Kingdom — the scientists combined data from 19 studies. This data pool included 758,592 premenopausal women, and, among them, 13,082 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed across an average follow-up period of 9 years. The team wanted to understand how BMI at different ages affected risk. As the study authors write, "We aimed to estimate the relative risk associated with BMI at different ages, age at breast cancer diagnosis, and breast cancer characteristics, and to explore whether [the] associations were modified by other risk factors for breast cancer." As expected, the authors identified an inverse association between BMI and breast cancer risk. In particular, the risk of breast cancer in women aged 18–54 was reduced as BMI increased. This association was most pronounced in the 18–24 age group. The authors are aware of the study's limitations. Firstly, the study is based on the participants' self-reported weight, which could have been under- or over-reported. Also, this was an observational study, so cause and effect cannot be identified. And, women with the same BMI measurements might have varying levels of fat and different types of fat distribution. The authors are quick to add a caution to their findings, saying:
They hope that the results will be useful in teasing apart the factors involved in the development of breast cancer. They write that "[u]nderstanding the reasons for the association seen between BMI and premenopausal breast cancer risk could potentially help to identify risk factors that might be modified." Additional work will surely follow, but the unexpected association is now backed up by a decent amount of data. We will have to wait patiently for the mechanisms behind the interaction to be unraveled. Weight Loss via Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness News From Medical News Today https://ift.tt/O45xlc June 22, 2018 at 10:46AM
What to know about the 500-calorie diet
https://ift.tt/2lrEohh In this article, learn why some people use the 500-calorie diet and whether or not it is safe. What is a 500-calorie diet?
The 500-calorie diet is a type of very-low-calorie diet (VLCD).
People on the 500-calorie diet aim to eat only 500 calories a day, which is about a quarter of the daily recommended intake for adults. The upper limit on the diet is 800 calories per day. Diets such as the 500-calorie diet are called very-low-calorie diets (VLCD). Although doctors have prescribed VLCDs for many years to treat some conditions, eating so little does come with risks. Doctors may recommend the 500-calorie diet to help people with obesity who cannot have bariatric surgery. VLCDs are also useful before bariatric and laparoscopic surgery. Losing fat can reduce operative time, blood loss, and the risk of complications. Twelve things to considerThere are many things that a person should consider before following a 500-calorie diet without a doctor's supervision. These include the following: 1. Chance of nutritional deficienciesEating 500–800 calories a day may put people at risk of deficiencies. Specific groups of people may be at higher risk. Older adults, in particular, may be at risk as they are more like to have reduced nutrient absorption from the small intestine. 2. Possibility of gallstonesA person may have an increased risk of gallstones while on the 500-calorie diet. Gallstones form in the gallbladder. They can block the bile duct and cause abdominal pain. The following factors increase a person's risk of gallstones:
Previous studies found that VLCDs with a higher fat intake may help prevent the formation of gallstones. Eating foods high in fiber and reducing consumption of refined carbohydrates and sugar can also help prevent gallstones. 3. Lack of healthful fats
Avocados are high in calories.
Of the three macronutrients, which are fat, protein, and carbohydrates, fat is the highest in calories. Because fats contain many calories, it is difficult to eat enough of them while on a 500-calorie diet. Unsaturated fats, such as those in salmon and avocado, are highly beneficial to the body. A low-fat diet also increases the risk of deficiencies of fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin E, and poor absorption of antioxidants. 4. Doctor supervision is necessaryA poor variety of foods and the risk of nutritional deficiencies can make a 500-calorie diet dangerous. It is essential for people to get supervision from a doctor and a dietitian before embarking on this diet. 5. Meal replacements are not a long-term solutionPeople sometimes use meal replacements for one or two of their daily meals while on a low-calorie diet. Although these can be useful, consuming them for a prolonged period can be detrimental to a person's health. Vitamins, minerals, macronutrients, and phytochemicals all have important interactions in the body when a person is eating whole foods. Artificial foods cannot replace these vital interactions. 6. It can be costlyEven though a person on the 500-calorie diet is eating less, the cost per pound of food is higher than on other diets. The cost of meal replacement foods, such as Optifast, is often much more than the equivalent amount of whole foods. Most programs also suggest weekly consultations with the supervising doctor. 7. Lifestyle changes vs. a quick fixAnyone trying a VLCD should take care to implement other healthy weight loss strategies as well. These may include nutrition counseling and physical activity. Being on a VLCD does not establish good health behaviors, as the diet is not sustainable over time. It is a much better idea to make small but lasting changes that are easier to maintain. 8. Consider the 5:2 or alternate day diet
Other diets provide opportunities to eat more vegetables, fruits, and healthful fats.
Other low-calorie diets include the 5:2 diet, time-restricted feeding, or alternate-day fasting (ADF). These diets provide opportunities for consuming higher quantities of vegetables, fruit, and whole grains, as well as healthful fats. On the 5:2 diet, a person eats a regular amount of healthful calories on 5 days of the week, then limits their calorie intake to 500–600 calories for 2 non-consecutive days. Time-restricted feeding extends the nighttime fast to between 12 and 16 hours. This means that a person can only eat during certain hours of the day. For example, they may fast during the night and only eat between 9 a.m. and 7 p.m. When a person does ADF, they alternate their daily calorie intake, eating 500 calories one day and consuming a regular number of healthful calories the next. A recent meta-analysis and systematic review found that people using ADF achieved slightly higher fat loss than those using VLCD. They also seemed to have a lower risk of muscle loss. ADF or the 5:2 diet can help a person achieve the same weight loss or health benefits as using a 500-calorie diet, while also being much easier to follow. 9. Muscle lossLosing weight very quickly could put a person at risk of losing muscle instead of fat. A decrease in muscle mass can negatively impact a person's metabolism. This is an undesirable effect as it reduces a person's ability to burn calories and prevent injury. Building lean muscle while eating a healthful diet is often a better approach to sustainable weight loss. 10. Missing out on social eventsEating out can be difficult on a 500-calorie diet. Many restaurants do not reveal the total calorie count of their meals. Being on the 500-calorie diet may also cause anxiety about ordering food or eating with family and friends. 11. Not suitable for people with certain diseasesDoctors do not recommend VLCD and meal replacement products for obese or overweight people with certain medical conditions. People with the following conditions should not try the 500-calorie diet without a doctor's approval and supervision: 12. Possible decrease in bone healthThe long-term effects of a VLCD on bone health are unknown because people do not use the diet for prolonged periods. However, a lack of essential minerals and nutrients can weaken bones over time. SummaryA 500-calorie diet may be beneficial in the very short-term for people with obesity, or as a pre-operative measure. However, people just looking to lose weight should try making sustainable diet and lifestyle changes, such as increasing their vegetable intake in all meals. They may also consider the 5:2 diet, time-restricted feeding, or ADF instead. People should not use the 500-calorie diet for longer than a doctor recommends. Weight Loss via Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness News From Medical News Today https://ift.tt/O45xlc June 22, 2018 at 06:44AM
What is Evekeo?
https://ift.tt/2JRWeIN Evekeo is a trade name for this formulation of amphetamine sulfate. There is no generic name, because the formulation of amphetamine is not currently available as a generic drug. It is a schedule II controlled substance because it has the potential for abuse and dependency. Incorrect use can also lead to sudden death or serious heart problems. These include increased blood pressure and heart rate, stroke, and heart attack. For these reasons, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) require the packet to carry a boxed warning.
Fast facts about Evekeo
What is Evekeo?
Evekeo can help reduce drowsiness problems that occur with narcolepsy.
The active ingredient in Evekeo is amphetamine sulfate. It is a white, crystalline substance and a sympathomimetic amino of the amphetamine group. It is a stimulant drug. It is a prescription drug and a controlled substance. It acts as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. It has been found to help people with narcolepsy, ADHD, and excess weight, but exactly how this happens is unclear. It is available as an oral tablet and as an extended-release orally disintegrating (dissolving) tablet. The oral tablet is only available under the brand-name drug Evekeo. UsesEvekeo is used for the following conditions: Narcolepsy: It keeps people awake. ADHD: It increases attention and reduces impulsiveness. Overweight and obesity: It can help achieve short-term weight loss. Common side effectsA number of side effects can occur when using Evekeo. These include:
Serious side effectsSome more serious side effects can develop. If the person who is using Evekeo experiences any of the following, it is important to seek medical help immediately. If the symptoms are mild, a doctor's advice is needed. If the symptoms may be life-threatening, or if there appears to be a medical emergency, call 9-1-1. Heart and cardiovascular problemsThese can result in sudden death. They include stroke, heart attack, and increased blood pressure. Possible symptoms are:
This is a medical emergency and needs urgent help. Cardiovascular problems may cause the following symptoms:
Mental health problems
Any worsening of symptoms, including newly occurring unusual thoughts, should be reported to the doctor.
These may include:
If a person is in danger of harm, or if their life might be at risk, it is important to seek help at once. Sometimes, new psychotic symptoms may appear in children and teenagers with psychiatric problems. These include:
Mild side effects may go away within a few days or a couple of weeks. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if they are more severe or do not go away. RisksOther risks include:
Evekeo does not cause drowsiness, but it can affect judgment. For this reason, extra care should be taken when driving, using heavy machinery, and similar tasks. InteractionsBefore using Evekeo, it is important to discuss any other existing medications and supplements with the doctor. This is because Evekio can interact with other medications, herbs, or vitamins. An interaction may involve an increase or a decrease in the action of one or more drugs, or a different and unexpected effect. Stomach acid drugsThe use of antacids, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2 receptor antagonists, may lead to higher levels of Evekio in the blood. This can increase the impact of any side effects Proton pump inhibitors:
H2 receptor antagonists:
Tricyclic antidepressantsCombining Evekeo with tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) may increase blood pressure and the risk of heart problems. These include:
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressantsThese medications can prevent the body from processing Evekeo correctly, leading to high levels of Evekeo in the blood. This may increase the risk of extremely high blood pressure, chest pain, severe headache, and high body temperature. Evekeo should never be taken within 14 days of using MAOI antidepressants. Examples of MAOIs are:
Serotonergic drugsIn addition to the interactions mentioned above for TCAs and MAOIs, taking serotonergic drugs to treat depression alongside Evekeo may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. This can be fatal. Drugs that can have this effect include:
If a person needs Evekeo while they are taking any of these drugs, the doctor will start them on a lowered dosage of Evekeo and monitor for any signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome. Symptoms of serotonin syndrome can include agitation, sweating, muscle twitches, and confusion. Antipsychotic drugsThese medications may lower the effects of amphetamine, and this can reduce its effectiveness. Examples are:
Examples are:
Blood pressure drugsEvekeo may reduce the blood pressure-lowering effects of these medications. Examples are:
Anti-seizure drugsThese include: Evekeo may lower the effect of seizure medications, increasing the risk of seizures. CautionsSome other groups are advised not to use Evekio. These include those with:
PregnancyEvekeo is a category C pregnancy drug. This means that: 1. Animal studies have suggested that if the mother takes this drug, it may have a negative impact on the unborn child. 2. Too few studies have been done in humans to confirm the drug's impact on the unborn child. When infants are born to mothers who are dependent on amphetamine during pregnancy, there appears to be a higher risk of preterm delivery, a low birth weight, or symptoms of withdrawal. Anyone who is pregnant or planning to become pregnant should discuss this with their health provider before using Evekeo or if they are already using this drug. Evekeo should be used during pregnancy only if the possible benefits outweigh the potential risk to the fetus. BreastfeedingDuring breast-feeding, Evekeo may pass into breast milk, causing side effects in a nursing child. The doctor should be informed if a mother is breastfeeding before prescribing this drug. If may be necessary to decide whether to stop nursing or to stop this drug. You should not breastfeed while taking this drug. In childrenThe long-term safety and effectiveness of this drug in children have not been studied. AllergiesThis drug can cause an allergic reaction in some people. Symptoms may include:
Anyone who has ever had an allergic reaction to this or another stimulant medication should not use it. Taking it again could be fatal. Dosage
Take care to follow the instructions when taking any medication, and always inform your doctor of any supplements or other drugs you may be using.
This drug may be taken short-term or long-term, depending on the condition being treated. The dose, form, and how often Evekeo should be taken will depend on:
For narcolepsy and ADHD, the adult dose is normally in oral tablet form, from 5 to 60 milligrams (mg) a day, usually every 4 to 6 hours. For weight loss, the dose is normally up to 30 mg per day in divided doses, 30 minutes before meals. However, the dose will depend on how each person reacts to the medication. It is essential to follow a doctor's instructions when using this medication. Missing a dose or taking too muchThere may be serious risks if a person does not take this drug as prescribed by the doctor. Missing a dose can result in a noticeable worsening of symptoms. If person misses a dose, they should take it as soon as possible or wait for the next dose. Taking a double dose could have serious adverse effects. Taking too much can lead to serious and life-threatening complications. Less severe symptoms include:
More severe problems include:
This can be fatal. It is essential to seek emergency medical attention if anyone takes too much of this drug. Other tipsHere are some other points about Evekeo. How can I tell if it is working?A person with narcolepsy may be able to tell if this drug is working if there is an improvement in sleep disturbances. What happens when I am travelling?When traveling with this medication, it is important to remember to:
Will I have to go back to the doctor?Patients should attend all followup appointments when using this drug, because the doctor may need to monitor heart rate and blood pressure to ensure no problems are occurring. In the case of children, they may check their weight and height, as the medication can sometimes affect a child's growth. If you need this medication but are concerned about the side effects, speak to your doctor. They may be able to offer an alternative. Weight Loss via Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness News From Medical News Today https://ift.tt/O45xlc June 21, 2018 at 02:44AM Cake Boss Buddy Valastro Reveals Weight Loss in New Photo And the Diet He Used to Achieve It6/20/2018
Cake Boss Buddy Valastro Reveals Weight Loss in New Photo — And the Diet He Used to Achieve It
https://ift.tt/2MIrKH2 The Cake Boss is on a diet. On Monday, Buddy Valastro, the Food Network star and owner of New Jersey’s Carlos’ Bakery, shared a photo on Instagram with his wife Lisa and revealed the program he’s been using to lose weight. “A lot of people have been asking me how I’ve slimmed down lately so I just wanted to share that I’ve used the Optavia program,” Valastro wrote. “Im not being paid to say this and it should be noted that I think every body is different and you should do whatever suits you but this is what I’m doing and I’m very happy with the results so far! According to Optavia’s website, the company is devoted to integrating health into your everyday lifestyle. Potential customers can fill out a questionnaire, chat with a coach, and order a meal plan with snacks and recipes designed to help them meet their lifestyle goals. Their plan involves eating six small meals per day to kick start weight loss, and focuses primarily on portion control, healthy snacking, and cooking meals with lean proteins. The Food Network star who is well-known for his elaborate cakes and baked goods previously told PEOPLE that he often cooks at home, and keeps a refrigerator in his garage fully-stocked for any last-minute needs when his family decides to whip up dinner. “Honestly, I don’t like to go out,” the celebrity chef said. He’s not the only celebrity baker to slim down. Last summer, Ace of Cakes star Duff Goldman unveiled his dramatic weight loss, which he credited to “eating clean, riding my bike, lifting weights.” Weight Loss via Weight Loss - Health.com https://ift.tt/2zvXHy6 June 20, 2018 at 10:10AM
16:8 fasting diet actually works, study finds
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Time-restricted eating may be the key to weight loss.
More and more people now turn to intermittent fasting as a fast and effective way to lose weight. There are different form of this diet, depending on the time intervals of "fasting" and "feasting." The so-called 5:2 diet, for instance, consists of eating normally for 5 days every week and fasting for 2 days. In the fasting days, the dieter restricts their calorie intake to 500 or 600 per day. In daily fasting, or the 16:8 diet, people eat whatever they like for 8 hours and fast for the remaining 16. A new study evaluates the benefits of this 16:8 pattern for obese individuals and finds that not only does the diet work, but also that it helps to lower blood pressure. As many as 93.3 million adults have obesity in the United States, according to the latest data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). That's almost 40 percent of the country's entire population. This research was led by corresponding author Krista Varady, an associate professor of kinesiology and nutrition at the University of Illinois at Chicago, and the findings were published in the journal Nutrition and Healthy Aging. Losing weight without counting caloriesVarady and colleagues recruited 23 obese study participants who were aged 45 years, on average, with an average body mass index (BMI) of 35. Between 10 a.m. and 6 p.m., the participants could eat whatever and however much they liked, but they were only allowed to drink water and calorie-free drinks for the remaining 16 hours. All the study participants were followed for a period of 12 weeks, and their dieting outcomes were compared with those of a previous weight loss trial of another type of intermittent fasting called "alternate day fasting." In alternate day fasting, they can eat whatever they like for one day and fast for the following day. On average, when compared with the control trial, those on the 16:8 diet consumed 350 fewer calories, lost 3 percent of their weight, and had lower blood pressure. More specifically, the systolic blood pressure of those who fasted daily dropped by an average of 7 millimeters of mercury. However, insulin resistance, cholesterol, and fat mass remained the same between the two compared groups. As Varady and her colleagues conclude, "These preliminary data offer promise for the use of time-restricted feeding as a weight loss technique in obese adults, but longer-term, large-scale randomized controlled trials [are required]." The study's corresponding author also comments on the significance of the findings, saying, "The results we saw in this study are similar to the results we've seen in other studies on alternate day fasting." "[B]ut," she adds, "one of the benefits of the 16:8 diet may be that it is easier for people to maintain. We observed that fewer participants dropped out of this study when compared to studies on other fasting diets."
"The 16:8 diet is another tool for weight loss that we now have preliminary scientific evidence to support," Varady concludes. "When it comes to weight loss, people need to find what works for them because even small amounts of success can lead to improvements in metabolic health." Weight Loss via Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness News From Medical News Today https://ift.tt/O45xlc June 20, 2018 at 03:55AM |
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