Needle-Free Future for People With Diabetes?
https://ift.tt/2tujOku MONDAY, June 25, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- For many diabetics, one of the most dreaded aspects of managing their condition is the need to inject insulin multiple times a day. But Harvard researchers have discovered a way to deliver insulin in a pill, and it appears to work well -- at least in rats. A lot of questions remain: What is the proper dose compared to injected insulin? Will it be delivered uniformly? And, the biggest, will it work well in people, too? That's why more research is needed, said the study's senior author, Samir Mitragotri, a professor of bioengineering at Harvard University. "What we have shown is that we can deliver insulin, and that it is safe in the intestine. This would be a non-invasive, patient-friendly, easy-to-use treatment," he said. Insulin is a hormone that helps usher the sugar from foods you eat into cells for use as fuel. People with diabetes often lack enough insulin to meet the body's needs, though the exact cause varies depending on the type of diabetes. An oral insulin hasn't been available, because insulin gets digested in the stomach, Mitragotri said. But injectable forms -- which can be delivered by a needle or through a small tube inserted under the skin and attached to an insulin pump -- are painful, which can lead people to skip their medication, he noted. To develop an oral insulin, the researchers had a number of challenges. If an oral insulin got past the stomach's acid, the intestines presented another issue. Insulin is a large molecule, and the intestinal wall is a barrier for most large molecules, the researchers explained. The first step in moving past these barriers was to put insulin in an ionic liquid, which Mitragotri likened to liquid salts. The insulin-ionic liquid combination was then covered with a coating that allows the pill to pass through the stomach intact. It's then dissolved in the small intestine. From there, the oral insulin travels to the large intestine. With the help of the ionic liquids, the insulin molecules can get through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream. Health via WebMD Health https://www.webmd.com/ June 26, 2018 at 02:02PM
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